The Makefile is used to handle complexities the compiler doesn't handle by itself. The command make invokes the compiler appropriately based on rules contained in the Makefile.
The standard Makefile created when a C++/Tapestry project is created compiles one .cpp file into an executable. Sometimes you'll need to create more than one executable in the same C++ project. Some Makefiles can handle this multiple target problem, others can be modified to handle multiple make targets.
This document provides a tutorial on using multiple targets in Eclipse.
Make sure you're using the C/C++ view and not the navigator view when adding make targets (otherwise you won't see the menus in the screen shots below).
To identify a target, right click-and-hold on the folder for the C++ project you're interested in. This is PigLatin in the diagram below. A menu will pop-up, scroll down and select Add Make Targets as shown in the diagram below. This will pop up a dialog box.
Now, scroll down in the menu that pops up and select the Make submenu which (when you follow the arrow) will allow you to select one of the targets you've entered as shown in the diagram below.
When you select a make target the C-build pane will indicate what's being compiled and what errors, if any, result from compiling your code.